代写CPSC 217、代做python编程设计

日期：2024-03-27 09:01

CPSC 217: Introduction to Computer

Science for Multidisciplinary Studies I

Assignment 3: BeatHero

Weight: 7%

Collaboration

Discussing the assignment requirements with others is a reasonable thing to do, and a good way to learn.

However, the work you hand in must be yours and yours alone. This is essential for you to benefit from the

learning experience, and for you to be graded fairly. Handing in work that is not your original work, but is

represented as such, is plagiarism. Penalties are outlined in the university calendar. A common first penalty is an F

on a plagiarized assignment. Here are some tips to avoid plagiarism in your programming assignments.

1. Cite all sources of code that you hand in that are not your original work using comments in your program,

including the complete URL. For example, if you find and use code found on a website, include a comment

that says:

# The following code is from https://www.quackit.com/python/tutorial/python_hello_world.cfm.

2. Citing sources avoids accusations of plagiarism and penalties for academic misconduct. However, you may

still get a low grade if you submit code that is not primarily developed by yourself. Cited material should

never be used to complete core assignment specifications. Before submitting, you can and should verify any

code you are concerned about with your instructor/TA.

3. Discuss and share ideas with other programmers as much as you like, but make sure that when you write your

code it is your own. A good rule of thumb is to wait twenty minutes after talking with somebody before

writing your code.

4. Collaborative coding is strictly prohibited. Discussing anything beyond assignment requirements and ideas is a

strictly forbidden form of collaboration. This includes sharing code, discussing code itself, or modelling code

after another student's algorithm. You cannot use (even with citation) another student’s code.

5. Using a generative AI tool, such as Copilot or ChatGPT, to assist you in completing assignments is acceptable in

limited circumstances, with attribution. For example, if your assignment is to write a Tic-Tac-Toe program, you

might ask ChatGPT about a small part of that task, such as “How do I convert a string to an integer in

Python?”. You cannot ask for such a tool to do the entire assignment. For example, asking ChatGPT “How do I

write Tic-Tac-Toe in Python?” is unacceptable. If you use a tool such as this, indicate with comments which

parts of your code you asked the generative AI tool about. Keep in mind that when you write your exams, you

will not have access to these tools, so it would be wise not to rely on them too much.

6. Making your code available, even passively, for others to copy, or potentially copy, is also plagiarism.

7. We will be looking for plagiarism in all code submissions, possibly using automated software designed for the

task.

8. Remember, if you are having trouble with an assignment, it is always better to go to your TA and/or instructor

to get help than it is to plagiarize.

Late Penalty

You will have a total of five grace days per semester (across all assignments). After that, late assignments will not

be accepted without a documented university-approved excuse.

Goal

Practice using lists, tuples and dictionaries while creating a game.

Technology

Python 3, SimpleGame Package

Submission Instructions

This assignment requires you to write a computer program using Python. Use the Assignment 3 drop

box in D2L to submit your Python file. You can submit multiple times over the top of a previous

submission. Your assignment must be executable with Python version 3.9.0+. You must use the

SimpleGame library, which contains beatHeroStarter.py code to get you started. You are allowed to

import libraries taught in class, such as random and math. Do not import any other libraries to complete

this assignment.

Upload CPSC217W24A3-Name.py (e.g. CPSC217W24A3-MichelleCheatham.py)

If using your own images, sounds, or music, zip your .py file with the folders containing all the media

associated with your project.

Description

Game Overview

This game, BeatHero, was inspired by the Beat Saber Virtual Reality game. Our game is much simpler,

and you can play it on your computer using your keyboard. Watch the video in the assignment Dropbox

to get a better idea of how the game is supposed to be played (seriously, stop reading here and watch

the video before moving on!)

In our version, when the game starts, the soundtrack starts and beats start falling down your screen, at

first slowly and a few at a time, but as beats move down the zones, they speed up and tests the limits of

your dexterity. Your goal is to score as much as possible before time runs out. Each beat is represented

by an arrow. To score a point, you’ll need to press the arrow key on your keyboard in the direction

noted by the beat arrow before it hits the bottom of the screen. With multiple beats on your screen, you

must always aim for the lowest one.

Game Structure

Before the Game

When the game is run, the starting screen appears. As BeatHero is a real-time game, this step assures

that the player is ready to play before the game starts. The game will only start when the player presses

the space bar.

During the Game

Once the game starts, at the same time, the music track is played, the countdown timer starts, and

beats start falling down the screen in three different streams. The screen is divided into three horizontal

zones. When a beat enters a zone (including the first one): it randomly rotates, changes colors, speeds

up, and increases in points awarded for getting it correct. The zones from top to bottom are orange,

pink and blue. When the player presses an arrow key, a representation of that key is shown on the

screen. Each time the player correctly presses an arrow key in sync with the direction of the lowest beat

on the screen, the beat turns green with a score number beside it, shortly disappears, and the player is

awarded the appropriate number of points (1 for the orange zone, 2 for pink and 3 for blue); we refer to

this as a hit. If the player doesn’t press the correct arrow key, or the beat reaches the bottom of the

screen before any key is pressed, the beat lights up red and disappears; we refer to this as a miss.

After the Game

Once the timer hits 0, the game ends. At this stage, all the beats are removed from the screen, and no

more points will be awarded. The final score is shown on the screen.

SimpleGame

To program BeatHero, you will be using a game engine called SimpleGame which is based on PyGame

and PyGameZero! You can download it here. You will have access to all the documentation on how

SimpleGame works and how to install it. We also provide you with a sample code as a starting point for

your game. After you press the space key on your keyboard, the music starts, and a single beat pointing

to the right falls down the screen. You can write code inside any of the provided functions in this file, but

you will still need to add additional functions.

The SimpleGame package comes with a module named simplegame. All functions available through the

module are listed on here. Before beginning to code, carefully read the documentation for each

SimpleGame function (docstrings) to understand what is available to you. You are only allowed to use

the capabilities of this module for this assignment. Additionally, in your IDE, if you hover over a function

name, you will see its description, parameters (if any) and return value (if any).

In the starter code, you’ll notice three functions (update, draw, and on_key_down) that are called

internally. This means there’s no need for you to call these functions anywhere in your code, as they will

automatically be called by the game engine at the appropriate times.

update()

Like many other game engines, SimpleGame uses a game loop, which is called 60 times per second. The

60 fps (frames per second) allows the game to be updated constantly, to maintain a smooth gameplay

which is very fundamental for real-time games. In your starter code, inside the update() function, we

have provided a frameCounter which you can use to calculate the time that has passed between

different actions.

This is where you should code your game logic, such as animating/moving game elements, updating

scores, checking game conditions, etc.

draw()

This function is called every time something changes on your screen, e.g. a beat moves down by a few

pixels. Similar to simplegraphics, the (0, 0) coordinates are at the top-left of the screen and the order in

which you draw your game element matters. If you put any game logic inside this function, it will

considerably affect your game speed, even making it laggy.

Except for loops and conditions, your code should only use this function for drawing on the screen. The

drawing functions available through SimpleGame are draw_background_image(), draw_element(), and

draw_text_on_screen(). Note that you cannot draw an element before first creating it.

on_key_down()

This function is an event handler that gets called anytime a key on your keyboard is pressed. The integer

value representing the key is passed to the get_key_pressed() function from the simplegame module

and stored in the key_pressed variable inside this function. You only need to compare this value to see if

it’s a desired key, and if not, you may ignore it. Try printing the key_pressed variable and see what it

shows when you press different keys on your keyboard.

Functions inside the simplegame Module

Here, we quickly review some of the functions that are available to you through the simplegame

Module.

Creating, Drawing and Rotating Movable Elements

To place any image on the screen, you first need to call the create_element() function. You will pass the

name of the image file (without the .png extension) along with the starting position and it will return a

dictionary with a single key that contains the id for that specific element. You are encouraged to add

other key-values to this dictionary to control your elements. Note that creating an element won’t make

it appear on the screen. To do that, you must use draw_element(). To rotate the element clockwise, you

must use rotate_by().

Look inside the images folder to find a variety of beats, arrows, backgrounds, and many more.

When generating beats, you must randomly rotate the image by 0, 90, 180 or 270 degrees, and

randomly choose the stream (1,2,3) the beat falls through. Stream is the path in which the beat falls

straight down the screen. You need to keep track of which stream the beat belongs to have it move

down the screen. There is quite a lot of information that is associated with every beat, so make sure you

take advantage of these dictionaries. Here are some ideas for keys you can add to your element

dictionary:

? stream / column (1,2,3): Which stream the beat should appear and move to.

? zone (‘orange’, ‘pink’, ‘blue’): Which zone the beat is falling through currently.

? moving / active (True/False): Once a key is pressed, the lowest beat must stop moving and

instead momentarily show whether the player hit the correct or wrong key.

? scored / status ('hit', 'miss', 'superhit', etc.): Keeping track of whether the beat was scored or

not before removing the key permanently.

? speed (‘slow’, ‘medium’,’fast’): Keeping track of speed of the beat

? direction ('left', 'right', 'up', 'down'): This will be helpful to see if the correct key was pressed.

You can also create a dictionary to represent zones with relevant characteristics, such as for zone A:

? zone (‘orange’, ‘pink’, ‘blue’): The zone this dictionary represents

? speed (‘slow’, ‘medium’,’fast’): Keeping track of speed of the zone

? points (‘+1’, ‘+2’, ‘+3’): Keeping track of points a hit in each zone can score

Retrieving Info from the Game Engine

The following functions allow you to get real-time information about elements on the screen.

get_image() retrieves the string name of the image of the element.

get_position() retrieves the position of an element i.e. x, y coordinates

get_rotation_angle() retrieves the rotation angle of an element, clockwise, from its original orientation

Music and Sound

Music and sound behave differently. A music track is long and looped indefinitely, while a sound clip is

short and only plays once.

Your game must play background music using manage_background_music() function. The music files can

be found under the music folder in your project. When you play a music file, it will loop indefinitely until

you stop or pause it.

Your game must also play sound clips corresponding to hit or missed beats by using play_sound_clip()

function. Some sound files can be found under the sounds folder in your project.

Scheduling Callback for Functions:

Callback functions accept the name of the function that is scheduled to be (a) called after a specified

interval of time using schedule_callback_after() or (b) called repeatedly every specified interval

schedule_callback_every(). If you want to cancel a callback to a function that you already scheduled, you

can call cancel_callback_schedule() at any point. Note that when you pass a function to another one as

an argument, it cannot take any parameters, and you need to remove the brackets in front of it. You

must also pass an immutable integer/float for seconds. If you need to change the callback time, you

need to cancel the current one and reschedule a new one. These functions are useful for momentarily

changing the image of an element or for actions that happen repeatedly. You are not required to use

these, as you can achieve the same using the frameCounter inside your update() function.

Getting started

1. Unzip the Provided File

- Download the ZIP file from here for this assignment.

- Extract its contents to a preferred folder on your computer.

2. Setting Up Your Environment with PyCharm

- Open PyCharm and navigate to `File` > `Open...`, then select the directory where you extracted the

assignment files.

- In Pycharm, locate the terminal window (usually found at the bottom). You might need to go to

View -> Tool Windows -> Terminal to get the terminal to appear.

3. Install Required Package

- In the PyCharm terminal, type the following command and press Enter:

- pip install SimpleGame-2.6.7.tar.gz (the same as the filename in your BeatHero directory)

- This command installs the necessary SimpleGame package, which contains the module with the

functions and utilities you'll need to develop this game.

- Open beatHeroStarter.py file and run it.

Suggested Algorithm

1. Create all the visual elements you plan to have in your game (except for the beats), using width

and length of the window to determine the positioning of each element.

2. Draw the elements associated with each stage of the game (before, during, and after) and any

text that you’d want to show on the screen in your draw() function.

3. Set up the timer counting down and set the condition for when the timer reaches 0 seconds.

By this point, you will be able to run your game, and go through all three stages.

4. Change the ‘generate_beat()’ function in the starter code so that it creates a beat with a random

orientation, and assign it to a random stream. After creating a beat, add it to ‘beatList’.

5. During the game, repeatedly generate random beats. (e.g. every second)

6. In your draw() function, draw every member of the ‘beatList’ inside the during the game section.

7. Using the same logic, in update(), have the beats move down a couple of pixels on each frame.

The falling beats should not overlap with widgets at the top of the screen (e.g. score and timer).

By this point, you will see new beats at the interval you specified, and they all fall down.

8. Create a function that determines which beat is the lowest beat on the screen.

9. Write logic that anytime an arrow key is pressed, it compares the lowest beat’s direction with

the key_pressed.

10. Write the logic for updating the lowest beat’s status after an arrow key is pressed:

a. Stop its movement.

b. According to whether it was a hit/miss, write a function that

i. Change its image.

ii. Play the corresponding sound clip.

iii. If a hit, display how many points they scored beside the beat (+1, +2, +3 for

zones A, B, C, respectively)

iv. Make the beat disappear after the user is able to see them (0.1-0.3 seconds).

v. Update the total score.

11. Inside update(), write a logic that will keep track of any beat that reaches the end of the screen,

and use the same miss function for it.

By this point, beats will be falling down the screen on three different streams, and you’re able

to play the game.

12. Write logic that calculates the specific y-position representing a threshold between the zones

(zone A to zone B and from zone B to zone C). Each beat should start at the top of zone A -

orange. For each zone:

a. A function for changing the color (changes images) of the beat when entering a new

zone.

b. A function for speeding up the rate at which beats are generated and are moving down

the screen as the beat enters a new zone.

c. A function that increases the number of points added to the score when the beat enters

a new zone.

13. Update the score text during the game on the top and after the game.

Requirement Checklist

? You must use lists, dictionaries, and tuples in your program.

? Play background music.

? Play 2 different sound clips to indicate hit/miss beats.

? 3 different streams of beats flowing from top to the bottom of the screen.

? A random stream for each beat.

? When entering a new zone:

a. random rotation

b. beat color according to the zone

c. speed of the movement increases

d. point of value increases

? 5 different arrow images used for beats (orange, pink, blue, hit, miss).

You are not allowed to use more than 5 arrow images in your code.

? Text/image with number of points added to score beside a hit beat. No text beside a missed

beat.

? A countdown timer visible on the screen which would end the game when it reaches zero.

? Real-time score of the player during the game, and the final score when the game ends.

? A visual representation of the keys pressed by the player during the game.

Optional

You are not required to use our images, but you’re strictly prohibited from using 4 different images for

up, down, left and right as you need to handle that in your code by rotating the same image. If you use

different images, music and sound clips, make sure they fulfill the criteria mentioned in the SimpleGame

documentation. If you're adding your own arrows, ensure that all arrow images have the same angle,

rather than having separate images for each rotation. You are only allowed to use png images and wav

music or sounds. Make sure to use only lowercase names for the files and add them to their

corresponding folders.

Grading

The assignment will be given a plus/minus letter grade, with the grade based on the program’s

level of functionality and conformance to the specifications. Fully meeting the specified

requirements will result in an A. An A+ may be awarded to particularly impressive submissions.

As a reminder, the University of Calgary assigns the following meaning to letter grades:

A: Excellent – Superior performance showing a comprehensive understanding of the subject

matter

B: Good – Clearly above average performance with generally complete knowledge of the

subject matter

C: Satisfactory – Basic understanding of the subject matter

D: Minimal Pass – Marginal performance; Generally insufficient preparation for subsequent

courses in the same subject

F: Fail – Unsatisfactory performance

How to get an A+

For students wanting to do extra work to receive an A+, you can do one of the following options. Note

that because this is optional, TAs and instructors will not be able to help you figure out how to achieve

things in this section (either in implementation or debugging).

- Have a second play mode in which the player loses if they miss three beats, and they win if they

last the timer. The player must be able to choose the game mode before starting the game.

- Add 3 randomly selected Super-Beat (find a new image for it), where if the player hits the right

key for it, all beats currently on the screen disappear (and you get corresponding points).

- Add at least two of the following: (1) Extra control elements to the screen e.g. controlling the

starting speed of beats, (2) Extra capabilities to the already existing elements e.g. the timer

changes color from green to red gradually as the player nears the end of the game.